Effect of adjuvant frequency-specific microcurrents on pain and disability in patients treated with physical rehabilitation for neck and low back pain* Shetty, GM, Rawat, P, Sharma, A, JBMT 24 (2020) 168-175
Frequency Specific Microcurrent as Adjunctive Therapy for Three Wounded Warriors. S Sharp, My Huynh, Medical Acupuncture, Volume 31, Number 3, 2019
Frequency-Specific Microcurrent for Treatment of Longstanding Congenital Muscular Torticollis, Regina Thompson, PT, PCS; Sandra L. Kaplan, PT, DPT, PhD, Pediatric Physical Therapy 2019;00:1–8
Fibromyalgia: An Alternative View, McMakin, C, Austin Rheumatology, October 2018
Microcurrent stimulation in the treatment of dry and wet macular degeneration, Laurie Chaikin1 Kellen Kashiwa, Michael Bennet, George Papastergiou, Walter Gregory, Clinical Ophthalmology 2015: 9 2345–2353
Visceral and Somatic Disorders: Tissue Softening with Frequency Specific Microcurrent, McMakin C, Oschman J, Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine, 2012, Vol 18 Number 00, pp 1-8
The efficacy of frequency specific microcurrent therapy on delayed onset muscle soreness, Curtis D, Fallows S, Morris M, McMakin C, Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies; 2010; 14 (3):272-9
Non-pharmacologic treatment of shingles, McMakin C, Practical Pain Management, 2010, Vol 10; 4; 24-29
Non-pharmacologic treatment of neuropathic pain using Frequency Specific Microcurrent, McMakin, C, The Pain Practitioner, Fall, 2010, pp 68-73
Cytokine changes with microcurrent therapy of fibromyalgia associated with cervical trauma.” McMakin C, Gregory W, Phillips T, Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies, July 2005, 9 169-176
Microcurrent Therapy: A novel treatment method for chronic low back myofascial pain.” , McMakin C, Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies, 2004, 8, 143-153
Microcurrent Treatment of Myofascial Pain in the Head, Neck and Face”, McMakin C, Topics in Clinical Chiropractic, 1998; Vol 5, (1), 29-35
FSM Articles
Townsend Letter: December 2021, Fibromyalgia, the Brain and Corticotrophin Releasing factor
Townsend Letter: November 2020, Chronic Fatigue, Multiple chemical sensitivities and fibromyalgia; a unified hypothesis
Townsend Letter: October 2020; The brain mental health and PTSD
Abstracts – presented not published
The Use of Microcurrent and Autocatalytic Silver Plated Nylon Dressings in Human Burn Patients: A Feasibility Study”, Huckfeldt, Mikkelson, Larson, Hammond, Flick, McMakin, Proceedings of John Boswick Burn and Wound Symposium in Maui, HI, February 21, 2003
Unpublished Research
Anti-inflammatory effects of interferential frequency-specific applied microcurrent. Reilly WG, Reeve VE, McMakin CR Proceedings of the National Health and Medical Research Council, 2004
FSM Published Books
Frequency Specific Microcurrent in Pain Management, Textbook for practitioners, Carolyn McMakin author, Elsevier Science Press, Edinburgh, 2010
The Resonance Effect; How frequency specific microcurrent is changing medicine, Carolyn McMakin author, North Atlantic Books, Penguin Random House, Berkeley, 2017
FSM Related Book Chapters
Myofascial Pain and Dysfunction, The Trigger Point Manual, Third Edition, Travell, Simons & Simons, Joseph Donnelly, DPT editor, Section 8, Therapeutic Modality Considerations, pp 850-867
Fascia in Manual Therapy; Schleip, Chaitow et al; Frequency Specific Microcurrent in Manual Therapy, Elsevier 2011, Chapter 7.16
Microcurrent and Qi in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome and Fibromyalgia; Energy Medicine East and West – A Natural History of Qi, Mayor and Micozzi, Elsevier Science Press, Edinburgh, 2009
“Microcurrent therapy in the treatment of Fibromyalgia”; Fibromyalgia Syndrome: A practitioners Guide to Treatment, 3nd Edition, Leon Chaitow, Elsevier Science Press, Edinburgh, 2008
Textbook of Functional Medicine; Chapter 13, Environmental inputs in health and disease; Section 8; Ionizing and non-ionizing radiation, Institute for Functional Medicine, 2005, pp 153-156
Related References
The Effect of Electric Currents on ATP Generation, Protein Synthesis and Membrane Transport in Rat Skin. Cheng N 1982 Clinical Orthopedics 171: 264-272.
Pilot study of impedance-controlled microcurrent therapy for managing radiation induced fibrosis in head and neck cancer patients. Lennox, A, et al, Int. J. Radiation Oncology Biol. Phys., Vol. 54, No. 1, pp. 23–34, 2002
Activation of signal transduction mechanisms may underlie the therapeutic effects of an applied electric field. Seegers, JC, Med Hypothesis; 57 (2), 224-230, 200
A Pulsed DC electric field affects P2-purinergic receptor functions by altering the ATP levels in in vitro and in vivo systems. Seegers JC, Medical Hypothesis, 8 (2) 171-176 2002
Effectiveness of combining microcurrent with resistance training in trained males, Naclerio, F, Seijo, M, Karsten B, et al, European Journal of applied physiology, 119: 2641-2653, 2019